The navicular is the bone at the top of the arch on the inside of the foot. The navicular is the attachment point for the posterior tibial tendon, which supports the foot. The Achilles tendon is a strong, fibrous band of tissue that connects the calf muscle, comprised of separate muscles, to the calcaneous (heel bone).
The two main muscles are the gastrocnemius, which crosses the knee joint, and the soleus, which does not cross the knee joint. Contraction of this muscle complex causes the foot to plantarflex (point downwards). This action allows for you to stand on tip-toe. A bunion is often described as a bump on the side of the big toe, however, there is much more to a bunion than a bump.
The two main muscles are the gastrocnemius, which crosses the knee joint, and the soleus, which does not cross the knee joint. Contraction of this muscle complex causes the foot to plantarflex (point downwards). This action allows for you to stand on tip-toe. A bunion is often described as a bump on the side of the big toe, however, there is much more to a bunion than a bump.
